Shaxda tusmada
Budhiism-kii hore, arhat (Sanskrit) ama arhant (Pali) -- "mid u qalma" ama "mid qumman" - wuxuu ahaa midka ugu sarreeya ee xerta Budada. Isagu ama iyadu waxay ahayd qof dhammeeyey dariiqa iftiinka oo hantay nirvana. Shiinaha, ereyga arhat waa lohan ama luohan .
Arhats waxa lagu sifeeyaa Dhammapada:
“Ma jiro adduunyo dambe oo jiritaankeeda mid caqli leh oo sida dhulka oo kale aan waxba ka xanaaqin, kaas oo u adag sida tiir sare oo nadiif ah sida barkad qoto dheer oo dhoobo ka madhan, fikirkiisu waa xasiloon yahay, dejiya hadalkiisa, dejiya camalkiisa, kaas oo run ahaantii og, oo gebi ahaanba xoroobay, xasilloon oo caqli leh. [Aayadaha 95 iyo 96; Turjumaada Acharya Buddharakkhita Aarhat iyo Buddha labadaba waxaa loo tixgeliyey inay si qumman u iftiimiyeen oo laga nadiifiyey dhammaan wasakhooyinka. Mid ka mid ah farqiga u dhexeeya arhat iyo Buddha ayaa ahaa in Budha uu garwaaqsaday nuurka naftiisa, halka arhat uu ku hagayo iftiiminta macalinka.
Gudaha Sutta-pitaka, labada Budha iyo arhats-ka waxa lagu tilmaamay inay yihiin kuwo si fiican u iftiimay oo ka xoroobay biraha, oo labaduba waxay gaadheen nirvana. Laakiin kaliya Budha waa sayidyada dhammaan sayidyada, macalinka adduunka, kan albaabka u furay dhammaan kuwa kale.
Sida wakhtigu sii socday, qaar ka mid ah dugsiyadii hore ee Buddhism-ka ayaa soo jeediyay in arhat (laakiin aan ahayn Buddha)waxaa laga yaabaa inay xajisato cilladaha iyo wasakhda qaarkood. Khilaafaadka ku saabsan tayada arhat waxa laga yaabaa inay sabab u ahayd kala qaybsanaantii hore ee kooxaha.
The Arahant in Theravada Buddhism
Maanta Theravada Buddhism-ka ayaa weli qeexaya ereyga Pali arhant sida mid si qumman u iftiimay oo la nadiifiyey. Haddaba waa maxay faraqa u dhexeeya arahant iyo Buddha?
Theravada waxa ay baraysaa hal Buddha oo da' kasta ah ama eon kasta, kani waa qofka daaha ka qaada dharma oo bara adduunka. Makhluuqa kale ee da’daas ama il-yar oo garta garaadka ayaa ah aaryahan. Budha ee da'da hadda waa, dabcan, Gautama Buddha, ama Buddha taariikhiga ah.
Arhat in Mahayana Buddhism
Buddhistaha Mahayana waxay isticmaali karaan ereyga arhat inay ula jeedaan qof iftiimay, ama waxay u qaadan karaan aarhat inuu yahay qof aad u fog. Jidka la socda laakiin aan weli aqoonsan Buddhahood. Buddhist Mahayana mararka qaarkood waxay isticmaalaan ereyga shravaka -- "qofkii maqla oo ku dhawaaqa" -- macne la macno ah arhat . Labada ereyba waxay tilmaamayaan xirfadle aad u horumaray oo mudan in la ixtiraamo.
Halyeeyada ku saabsan lix iyo toban, siddeed iyo toban, ama tiro kale oo gaar ah ayaa laga heli karaa Budhisnimada Shiinaha iyo Tibetan. Waxaa la sheegay in kuwan ay doorteen Buddha xertiisa ka mid ah si ay u sii joogaan adduunka oo ay u ilaaliyaan dharma ilaa imaatinka Maitreya Buddha. Aroosyadaanwaxaa loo xurmeeyaa si la mid ah sida quduusiinta Masiixiyiinta loo xushmeeyo.
4> Arhats iyo BodhisattvasIn kasta oo arhat ama arahant ay weli ku habboon tahay ku-dhaqanka Theravada, Buddhism-ka Mahayana fikradda ku-dhaqanka waa bodhisattva - kan iftiimay ee wacad ku maray inuu keeno dhammaan noolaha kale. iftiimin.
Inkasta oo bodhisattvas lala xiriiriyo Mahayana, ereygu wuxuu ka yimid Buddhism hore waxaana laga heli karaa kitaabka Theravada sidoo kale. Tusaale ahaan, waxaan ku akhrinay Jataka Tales in ka hor inta aan la ogaanin Buddhahood, kii noqon lahaa Buddha wuxuu ku noolaa nolol badan sida bodhisattva, isaga oo naftiisa u siinaya dadka kale.
Sidoo kale eeg: 25 Qorniinka Sareynta Qorniinka: Kitaabka Mormon (1-13)Farqiga u dhexeeya Theravada iyo Mahayana maaha in Theravada uu ka walaacsan yahay iftiinka dadka kale. Hase yeeshe, waxay la xidhiidhaa fahamka kala duwan ee dabeecadda iftiinka iyo dabeecadda nafta; Mahayana, iftiiminta shakhsi ahaaneed waa khilaaf marka la eego.
Sidoo kale eeg: Yashuuca Kitaabka Qudduuska Ah - Raacitaanka Ilaah ee AaminsanTixgeli qodobkan Habee Xigashooyinkaaga O'Brien, Barbara. "Waa maxay Arhat ama Arhant ee Buddhism?" Baro diimaha, Agoosto 27, 2020, learnreligions.com/arhat-or-arahant-449673. Dadka la odhan jiray Barbara. (2020, Ogosto 27). Waa maxay Arhat ama Arhant ee Buddhism? Laga soo bilaabo //www.learnreligions.com/arhat-or-arahant-449673 O'Brien, Barbara. "Waa maxay Arhat ama Arhant ee Buddhism?" Baro diimaha. //www.learnreligions.com/arhat-or-arahant-449673 (la galiyay May 25, 2023). koobbi xigasho